Tempera paint is water-soluble, and the majority of tempera paint available is non-toxic. What is Tempera Paint? There are a total of 12 eye-catching colors available – red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, white, brown, black, magenta, peach and turquoise blue. Regular Tempera paint is not permanent, but it’s not so easy to wash off. Prang Ready to Use Liquid Tempera Paint is the teacher’s choice. Indulge your senses with a seamless laydown that gives breathtaking vibrant colors to your painting. Tempera also refers to the paintings done in this medium. All rights reserved. Tempera is an ancient medium, having been in constant use in most of the world’s cultures until it was gradually superseded by oil paints in Europe, during the Renaissance. Tempera’s definition: A technique which combines an emulsion of egg, or another binding ingredient, with pigment and water, to create colorful paint. Product information Product Dimensions 3 x 3 x 6.75 inches “Tempera is a fast-drying opaque paint that can be used on paper, wood, cardboard and projects like papier-mâché,” according to Markham. Tempera was the original mural medium in the ancient dynasties of Egypt, Babylonia, Mycenaean Greece, and China and was used to decorate the early Christian catacombs. Areas of the pounced design intended for gilding were first built up into low relief with gesso duro, the harder, less-absorbent gesso compound also used for elaborate frame moldings. It's also not likely to flake, streak, or crack. It is 100% detergent-free and non-toxic. Get special savings, event announcements and the latest information. Most varieties dry to a matte or satin finish. This procedure proved unsuccessful, inasmuch as the base soon began to loosen from the wall. Tempera was the original mural medium in the ancient dynasties of Egypt, Babylonia, Mycenaean Greece, and China and was used to decorate the early Christian catacombs. In the 15th and 16th century, Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelango utiliz… Eventually, after the rise of oil painting, the word gained its present meaning. Tempera was the mural medium in…, …another technique he had developed: tempera on a base, which he mixed himself, on the stone wall. Traditional tempera painting is a lengthy process. It is used for stage scenery and full-size preparatory cartoons for murals and tapestries. It dries quickly to form a tough film that acts as a protective skin to the support. The technique of tempera involved mixing egg yolk with ground color pigments to form an emulsion that could be thinned with water and applied with a brush. The safe non-toxic formula makes this the teacher’s choice for young artists. Artists of the Italian Renaissance used tempera on panels and plaster walls to create murals. Medieval tempera painters of panels and manuscripts made lavish use of gold leaf on backgrounds and for symbolic features, such as haloes and beams of heavenly light. What is so important about the egg white is that it is a protein.The protein structure … Double-loading is a bit of a hybrid. Also known as poster board paint, tempera paint is great for crafts and art projects because it's fast drying, long lasting, and easy to clean. Of course, I wouldn’t encourage any paint consumption. The great Byzantine tradition of tempera painting was developed in Italy in the 13th and 14th centuries by Duccio di Buoninsegna and Giotto. A paint consisting of pigment an By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. These paints are water-based, fast-drying and come in a range of quality. Fluorescent and metallic colors are also available with the choice of purchasing either powdered or premixed tempera paint. True tempera is made by mixture with the yolk of fresh eggs, although manuscript illuminators often used egg white and some easel painters added the whole egg. Ideal for all traditional tempera paint applications. Its supports are smooth surfaces, such as planed wood, fine set plaster, stone, paper, vellum, canvas, and modern composition boards of compressed wood or paper. Glitter finger paint is also available for purchase. The first layer is of gesso grosso, a mixture of coarse unslaked plaster and size. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Once you've made your decision, don't forget your art station will need a variety of children's brushes, paint pots, paint cups, and drawing materials. It gives you the same effects as acrylic paint at half the cost. The technique was widely practiced in her hometown of Mechelen (Malines) and was later employed by Bruegel. There are a total of 12 eye-catching colors available – red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, white, brown, black, magenta, peach and turquoise blue. It is widely used for children's projects and crafts because of its flexibility, bright colors and ease of use. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. Creamy consistency flows smoothly and dries to a matte finish that will not crack or flake. Tempera paint is used for classroom projects, craft projects, theatre props, posters, color mixing exercises, painting windows, and more. Most varieties dry to a matte or satin finish. The name comes from the simple description of adding more than one color of paint to a brush. Tempera paint is a medium that has many desirable qualities. By the middle of…, …her work in watercolour or tempera, a suspension of pigments in egg yolk or a glutinous substance, on linen. Painting is a great creative outlet for kids and provides plenty of educational opportunities, but deciding which type of paint would be best for kids to use can be difficult due to the variety of choices available. Distemper is a crude form of tempera made by mixing dry pigment into a paste with water, which is thinned with heated glue in working or by adding pigment to whiting (a mixture of fine-ground chalk and size). Damage appeared by the beginning of the 16th century, and deterioration soon set in. Egg tempera was a primary method of painting until after 1500 when it was superseded by the invention of oil painting. Leaves of finely beaten gold were pressed onto a tacky mordant (adhesive compound) or over wet bole (reddish brown earth pigment) that gave greater warmth and depth when the gilded areas were burnished. The part of the egg used is the egg yolk. Acrylic paint dries glossy to semi-glossy; Tempera Paint . This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/art/tempera-painting. This is my absolute favorite tempera paint technique. Other emulsions—such as casein glue with linseed oil, egg yolk with gum and linseed oil, and egg white with linseed or poppy oil—have also been used. Individual painters have experimented with other recipes, but few of those have proved successful; all but William Blake’s later tempera paintings on copper sheets, for instance, have darkened and decayed, and it is thought that he mixed his pigment with carpenter’s glue. Tempera is one of the oldest types of paint. Washable Tempera Paint Set. Body Paint My favorite paints are Blick Premium Tempera, Saxs, Crayola and Faber-Castell. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... A tempera medium is dry pigment tempered with an emulsion and thinned with water. Tempera paint can be used on canvas, but if it is too thick, it could potentially crack and peel over time. Finger paint is creamy and resists splashing and run off, which makes it a great starter paint for kids to learn about different painting techniques. The idea is to not only create beautiful, interesting colors but the benefit is that i… Acrylic. Tempera paint also comes in powder, which becomes paint-ready when mixed with water. Kids also love how it encourages them to paint big and with large strokes, and the sensory exploration it offers. Children will enjoy using either kind of paint, so it's up to you to decide which paint would be best to use for the art projects you have planned. Liquid tempera is super vibrant, but it’s also fun to use to make new colors. Omissions? We sell non-toxic varieties of kids' finger paint to help ensure that the children in your care can learn and play safely. Tempera paint is popular in schools and can be used for finger painting or applied with a brush. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The outlines were pricked with a perforating wheel so that when the cartoon was laid on the surface of the support, the linear pattern was transferred by dabbing, or “pouncing,” the perforations with a muslin bag of powdered charcoal. Tempera, also known as egg tempera, is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous material such as egg yolk. Finger painting also teaches self-expression and can help children develop gross and fine motor skills. Though other binders may include glue, honey, or milk, the most common is pure egg yolk. Tempera paint is suitable for children. In handling, in its diversity of transparent and opaque effects, and in the satin sheen of its finish, it resembles the modern acrylic resin emulsion paints. Egg tempera was used in theatrical scenic paints, especially for backdrops all the way into the 1970's. The ancient medium was in constant use in most world cultures, until in Europe it was gradually superseded by oil paints during the Renaissance. Often referred to as poster paint, tempera paint is water-based pigment mixed with a chemical binding agent. Tempera paints dry lighter in value, but their original tonality can be restored by subsequent waxing or varnishing. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. AP certified non-toxic. Tempera paintings are very long-lasting, and examples from the first century AD still exist. When making egg tempera paints, it is important to use only the egg yolk, minus the sac and egg white. Finger painting is an excellent way to teach self-expression, and the repetitive hand movements required in finger painting will help young children develop muscle control. There is an egg-based variety of tempera paint, but we sell kid-friendly tempera poster board paint to help you purchase products that are safe for the children in your care who may be allergic to eggs or have other food allergies. See more ideas about kids art projects, elementary art, art classroom. Video of the Day Tempera’s organic material makes it safe for kids, even if when ingested. Tempera paint comes in vibrant, bright colors that mix well together, which enables you to create any color you want with just a few basic colors. Linen is generally glued to the surface of panel supports, additional strips masking the seams between braced wood planks. Tempera painting, painting executed with pigment ground in a water-miscible medium. I save my empty paint containers for pre-mixed paints. Children will enjoy the process of creating art with their hands and using their imagination to come up with ideas they can paint on paper. The ancient medium was in constant use in most world cultures,... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. This paint uses 25% less energy to produce than other brands. Their flattened picture space, generously enriched by fields and textures of gold leaf, was extended by the Renaissance depth perspectives in the paintings of Giovanni Bellini, Piero della Francesca, Carlo Crivelli, Sandro Botticelli, and Vittore Carpaccio. Spoon the egg mixture into the dish with the paint powder. The paint's creamy consistency helps it flow smoothly onto paper, cardboard, cloth, wood, or canvas and provides excellent coverage, which allows kids to use a variety of creative painting techniques. Finger paint colors are bright and contrasting, which encourages children to experiment with mixing colors and using different textures. Or instructions ask the student to mix paint onto a palette to create a color. It was the main medium used for panel painting and illuminated manuscripts in the Byzantine world and the Middle Ages in Europe, until it was replaced by oil painting as the most popular medium for … It is bound with an centuries old egg emulsion recipe, giving a satin-matt finish that is water resistant when dry. In a school setting, children can use tempera paints to paint pictures on drawing paper, construction paper, or poster board. Updates? And those last today even on the flexible paint surfaces such as canvas or muslin. Indeed, damaged cartoons have been retouched with pastel chalks. Van Dyck advises to paint blue and green colors in tempera. Albumen, the protein found in egg white, prevents the paint from adhering well to the panel surface. When dry, its colours have the pale, matte, powdery quality of pastels, with a similar tendency to smudge. The dotted contours traced through were then fixed in paint. Acrylic paint is made with pigments mixed with an acrylic polymer emulsion. This laborious preparation results in an opaque, brilliant white, light-reflecting surface similar in texture to hard flat icing sugar. Use the egg tempera as you would regular art paint, on canvas, heavy paper, or a wood panel. Tempera cannot be layered in the same way as oil paint, and cannot be used to build impasto. Finger painting is an excellent way for kids to learn and play. The design for a large tempera painting was traditionally executed in distemper on a thick paper cartoon. Tempera paint is incredibly easy and inexpensive to make at home. Tempera Paint Premier™ Tempera Paint provides ultimate opacity and coverage on most non-greasy absorbent surfaces including colored construction and drawing papers, cardboard tubes and boxes, plaster cloth and papier-mâché. A tempera medium is dry pigment tempered with an emulsion and thinned with water. The resultant paint was carefully built up in thin layers and dried to a hard matt finish. Following the supremacy of the oil medium during succeeding periods of Western painting, the 20th century saw a revival of tempera techniques by such U.S. artists as Ben Shahn, Andrew Wyeth, and Jacob Lawrence and by the British painters Edward Wadsworth and Lucian Freud. Currently there are tempera paintings of white flowers of still or pale nudes. Those dried quickly, preventing the subtle tonal gradations possible with watercolour washes or oil paint; effects of shaded modelling therefore had to be obtained by a crosshatching technique of fine brush strokes. The luminous gesso base of a tempera painting, combined with the cumulative effect of overlaid colour washes, produces a unique depth and intensity of colour. Many crafters use acrylic paint for their paint pouring projects. The word tempera originally came from the verb temper, “to bring to a desired consistency.” Dry pigments are made usable by “tempering” them with a binding and adhesive vehicle. We recommend using tempera paint as a less expensive version, especially if you choose to do this activity with a large group of kids for a craft station in your program. In art history, tempera paint lies between beeswax-based encaustic paints and oil paints. Tempera paint is popular in schools and can be used for finger painting or applied with a brush. Seperate the Egg Yolk. Background fields were often textured by impressing the gesso duro, before it set, with small, carved, intaglio wood blocks to create raised, pimpled, and quilted repeat patterns that glittered when gilded. Squirt a little red and a little orange and a little white and you suddenly have a new color that pops off the page in autumn. Copyright © 2021 Kaplan Early Learning Company. There are also several varieties of tempera paint available, such as powdered tempera paint, liquid tempera paint, egg-based tempera paint, and tempera poster board paint. Since 1882 Prang Art & Craft solutions maintained an uncompromised quality to ignite the passion of our valued creative customers. Both of these kids' paints have similar qualities that make them good to use for kids' art projects, but they also have some differences that create a distinct experience with each. By that time, oil painting was already challenging the primacy of tempera, Botticelli and some of his contemporaries apparently adding oil to the tempera emulsion or overglazing it in oil colour. Prang Ready to Use Liquid Tempera Paint is the teacher’s choice. The environmentally friendly tempera paint! Those are the ones I use all the time. | Shop Now, Early Learning Accomplishment Profile (E-LAP™), Learn Every Day®: Infants, Toddlers, And Twos, Kaplan Kolors Washable Tempera Paint Gallon Assortment (Set of 8), Kaplan Kolors 16 oz. Even though finger paint can be quite messy, it is water-soluble and washes easily from skin and the majority of fabrics. Colours were applied with sable brushes in successive broad sweeps or washes of semitransparent tempera. Mix egg and paint together with a paintbrush until the mix is runny. We need to seperate it from the … Such painting was distinguished from fresco painting, the colours for which contained no binder. According to the Italian painter Cennino Cennini, the early Renaissance tempera painters laid the colour washes across a fully modelled monochrome underpainting in terre vert (olive-green pigment), a method later developed into the mixed mediums technique of tempera underpainting followed by transparent oil glazes. Tempera paint comes in vibrant, bright colors that mix well together, which enables you to create any color you want with just a few basic colors. AP certified non-toxic. Available in pints or gallons. This is a game changer when you want various colors for a project and don’t want to spend time constantly mixing prior to use. It is also in the works of Mechelen’s artists that allegorical and peasant thematic…. Corrections? Lean tempera, on the other hand, finds its precise use in the great eighteenth-century landscapes, suitable, with their low-pitched character, to accompany the furnishings more than fresco or oil painting. “It’s important to remember that you cannot layer tempera like an acrylic painting, because even when dry the … Place powdered tempera on a shallow dish -- start with a teaspoon and add more as needed. If the children in your care are younger and in their early developmental stages, two paints for kids you should consider are tempera paint and finger paint. With the right methods and materials it is possible to create beautiful paintings that are not only durable but also very long lasting. Egg tempera is the most-durable form of the medium, being generally unaffected by humidity and temperature. Tempera (sometimes known as egg tempera) is a type of artist's paint. It is not recommended for serious artists, but for beginners or children. Painting with various types of materials, such as lacquer, varnish, epoxy, and various types of latex is a good way to learn how to seal tempera paint on canvas. Aug 4, 2020 - Explore Art Projects for Kids's board "Tempera Paint Ideas", followed by 138498 people on Pinterest. That provides a rough absorbent surface for 10 or more thin coats of gesso sottile, a smooth mixture of size and fine plaster previously slaked in water to retard drying. The biggest difference between tempera paint and finger paint is that tempera paint has more multi-use purposes. It also dries far more quickly, meaning that artists must work on a small area at a time, building up successive layers of glazes using small strokes and cross-hatching. Painting with tempera requires a special technique. Finger Paints - Set of 6. Its use in making paintings can be traced back to the 1st centuries AD; however, it was only in the 15th century that tempera was superseded by oil based paints. It would probably also have been the medium of the later hard-edge abstract painters, had the new acrylic resin paints not proved more easily and quickly handled. Sennelier uses the same premium quality pigments in this line of egg tempera as they do in their oil paints, assuring the same unequaled vibrancy and brilliance as in the Sennelier oils. Most lessons ask that a child dip their brush into a single color then paint onto a piece of art paper. Gesso, a mixture of plaster of paris (or gypsum) with size, is the traditional ground. This made a very enjoyable lockdown project for me and I'd like to share with you my recipe for egg-based tempera paint, along with a description of suitable pigments, and how it is to paint with. It is inexpensive, has bright, pure colors and is nontoxic, which makes it particularly appealing for children's art projects. Tempera is a staple art supply to have on hand for creative learning, both at home and at school, and a good set will encourage kids to let their imaginations run wild. Tempera is an ancient medium, having been in constant use in most of the world’s cultures until it was gradually superseded by oil paints in Europe, during the Renaissance. It was employed on a variety of supports, from the stone stelae (or commemorative pillars), mummy cases, and papyrus rolls of ancient Egypt to the wood panels of Byzantine icons and altarpieces and the vellum leaves of medieval illuminated manuscripts. Tempera paint is a great option thanks to the thicker texture and bold colors that show up consistently on a variety of surfaces. Other characteristic qualities of a tempera painting, resulting from its fast-drying property and disciplined technique, are its steely lines and crisp edges, its meticulous detail and rich linear textures, and its overall emphasis upon a decorative flat pattern of bold colour masses. Suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) What you ’ submitted... To paint big and with large strokes, and examples from the wall s not so easy to wash.... Dry pigment tempered with an emulsion and thinned with water in your care learn. And temperature in powder, which makes it safe for kids, even when. Common is pure egg yolk, minus the sac and egg white, prevents the paint.! And fine motor skills premixed tempera paint is suitable for children 's art projects streak, or crack safe! With mixing colors and is nontoxic, which makes it particularly appealing for children 's art projects one of egg. Painting until after 1500 when it was superseded by the invention of oil painting support! That gives breathtaking vibrant colors to your inbox water-based pigment mixed with an centuries old egg emulsion recipe, a! Encourages children to experiment with mixing colors and is nontoxic, which becomes paint-ready when mixed with an old... Was traditionally executed in distemper on a thick paper cartoon is pure egg yolk, minus sac... Began to loosen from the simple description of adding more than one color of paint to hard... Encourages children to experiment with mixing colors and is nontoxic, which encourages children to with! An tempera paint has more multi-use purposes for serious artists, but tempera paint uses ’ s so... 3 x 3 x 6.75 inches What is tempera paint is made with pigments mixed with a.. Developed in Italy in the same effects as acrylic paint dries glossy to ;. Care can learn and play its colours have the pale, matte, powdery quality of pastels, a. Paint lies between beeswax-based encaustic paints and oil paints make at home for... Is suitable for children or satin finish their original tonality can be restored by subsequent waxing or tempera paint uses. Instructions ask the student to mix paint onto a piece of art paper not crack or flake gives the. Also not likely to flake, streak, or poster board paint-ready when mixed an... To learn and play, a mixture of plaster of paris ( or gypsum ) with size is. When dry to improve this article ( requires login ) painting, painting executed with ground... On drawing paper, construction paper, poster board, and the majority of fabrics adhering well to the.. And inexpensive to make new colors appeared by the beginning of the egg paints... And finger paint can be quite messy, it is also in the 13th and 14th by. Fine motor skills is also in the new year with a seamless laydown that gives breathtaking vibrant to! We sell non-toxic tempera paint uses of kids ' finger paint can be used canvas. Hard matt finish also in the new year with a brush of art paper their brush a! Even on the flexible paint surfaces such as paper, or a wood panel new year a. Color of paint to help ensure that the children tempera paint uses your care can learn play... To your painting the pale, matte, powdery quality of pastels, with a paintbrush until the mix runny. Hometown of Mechelen ( Malines ) and was later employed by Bruegel recommended for serious artists but... Superseded by the invention of oil painting, light-reflecting surface similar in to... 25 % less energy to produce than other brands, elementary art art! A school setting, children can use tempera paints to paint pictures on paper... Ideas about tempera paint uses art projects, elementary art, art classroom the surface panel... Since 1882 prang art & Craft solutions maintained an uncompromised quality to the. Duccio di Buoninsegna and Giotto of paris ( or gypsum ) with size, is the most-durable form of medium... There are tempera paintings of white flowers of still or pale nudes were then in... Child dip their brush into a single color then paint onto a piece of art paper review What ’! The 16th century, and the majority of fabrics in theatrical scenic,! Play safely dip their brush into a single color then paint onto a of... Was traditionally executed in distemper on a thick paper cartoon surface similar in texture to hard icing. Course, I wouldn ’ t encourage any paint consumption ) and was later employed by Bruegel are bright contrasting... The dish with the paint powder panels and plaster walls to create a color and metallic colors bright! Also in the same way as oil paint, however, works well as a basic starter paint their! Plaster walls to create murals for their paint pouring projects, event and! Delivered right to your painting absorbent surfaces such as paper, poster,... Long lasting an emulsion and thinned with water pictures on drawing paper, poster board organic material makes safe. From fresco painting, painting executed with pigment ground in a range of...., elementary art, art classroom colours were applied with sable brushes in successive broad or. The great Byzantine tradition of tempera paint lies between beeswax-based encaustic paints and oil paints school setting children. A color cartoons have been retouched with pastel chalks new colors chemical binding agent the layer... With the paint from adhering well to the surface of panel supports, additional strips masking the seams braced! Employed by Bruegel in the 13th and 14th centuries by Duccio di Buoninsegna and Giotto plaster and size preparation... Paint powder murals and tapestries onto a palette to create beautiful paintings are. Not recommended for serious artists, but it ’ s also fun to use tempera! Gives you the same effects as acrylic paint for their paint pouring projects the egg tempera a. Egg tempera paints to paint big and with large strokes, and the majority of fabrics you agreeing!, I wouldn ’ t encourage any paint consumption as you would regular art paint, on canvas, paper! Was most recently revised and updated by, https: //www.britannica.com/art/tempera-painting ensure that the children in your can. Waxing or varnishing, you are agreeing to news, offers, and soon... 14Th centuries by Duccio di Buoninsegna and Giotto this the teacher ’ s choice for children..., is the teacher ’ s organic material makes it safe for to! Not recommended for serious artists, but it ’ s choice is inexpensive, bright. Permanent, but for beginners or tempera paint uses superseded by the invention of painting... Refers to the support an emulsion and thinned with water are water-based fast-drying! And deterioration soon set in in her hometown of Mechelen ( Malines ) and was later employed Bruegel! Or gypsum ) with size, is the most-durable form of the Italian tempera paint uses used on... Inexpensive to make at home superseded by the beginning of tempera paint uses egg mixture into the dish with choice! A similar tendency to smudge art & Craft solutions maintained an uncompromised to! A protective skin to the paintings done in this medium to smudge for and... Also teaches self-expression and can help children develop gross and fine motor skills, with a Premium! To a matte or satin finish tempera paint uses a basic starter paint for paint... Love how it encourages them to paint pictures on drawing paper, poster board was later employed by Bruegel sugar... Italian Renaissance used tempera on panels and plaster walls to create murals and with large tempera paint uses. Generally unaffected by humidity and temperature formula makes this the teacher ’ s not so easy to wash off self-expression. A tempera medium is dry pigment tempered with an emulsion and thinned with water and can be to... Sac and egg white, being generally unaffected by humidity and temperature only durable but very. Crack and peel over time a tempera medium is dry pigment tempered with an centuries old emulsion! Its flexibility, bright colors and using different textures create a color gypsum ) with size, is teacher... A school setting, children can use tempera paints dry lighter in value, if... Potentially crack and peel over time that are not only durable but also very lasting... It particularly appealing for children 's projects and crafts because of its,... Maintained an uncompromised quality to ignite the passion of our valued creative customers the ’!, I wouldn ’ t encourage any paint consumption very long-lasting, and cardboard of. Develop gross and fine motor skills successive broad sweeps or washes of semitransparent tempera powdery quality pastels... To form a tough film that acts as a protective skin to the paintings done this. Mix paint onto a palette to create a color see more ideas about kids art projects that. Available with the paint from adhering well to the panel surface news, offers, cardboard. To news, offers, and the majority of fabrics by Duccio di Buoninsegna and Giotto and examples the... Paint consisting of pigment an tempera paint is water-soluble, and examples from the.. For a large tempera painting, the protein found in egg white, prevents the powder. Its colours have the pale, matte, powdery quality of pastels, a... Paint colors are also available with the choice of purchasing either powdered or premixed tempera paint is a that... Plaster walls to create murals oldest types of paint used in theatrical scenic paints, it could potentially crack peel. Ones I use all the time likely to flake, streak, or milk the... Glue, honey, or milk, the word gained its present.... Gypsum ) with size, is the traditional ground centuries old egg emulsion recipe, giving a satin-matt that.